中国要素收入初次分配和再分配的测算
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| Title | Calculation on China’s Functional Income Distribution and Redistribution
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| 作者 | 吕冰洋 郭庆旺 |
| Author | Lv Bingyang and Guo Qingwang |
| 作者单位 | 中国人民大学中国财政金融政策研究中心 |
| Organization | China Financial Policy Research Center，Renmin University of China |
| 作者Email | lby@ruc.edu.cn；guoqw@ruc.edu.cn |
| 中文关键词 | 资金流量表 要素收入分配 分税制 |
| Key Words | Flow of Funds Accounts; Functional Income First Distribution；Tax Sharing System |
| 内容提要 | 要素收入的初次分配和再分配分别体现的是效率原则和公平原则，主导者分别是市场和政府，科学准确估算我国要素收入分配状况对研究诸多宏观经济问题具有重要意义。本文提出详细测算我国要素收入初次分配和再分配的方法，并利用最新测算的1978—2008年“资金流量表”和相关数据进行实证研究。测算结果表明：从全国整体情况看，自1983年后，劳动初次和再分配份额呈长期下降趋势；自1983年至1994年分税制改革前，资本初次和再分配份额呈长期上升趋势，之后基本保持稳定；政府调节要素收入再分配的力度在上个世纪80年代最强，但在2000年前处于迅速衰减趋势，进入21世纪后，政府的调节力度有所加强，但仍不足以扭转劳动分配份额下滑趋势。从各省份情况来看，1997—2007年间，各省劳动初次和再分配份额普遍呈下降趋势，各省资本初次分配份额普遍呈上升趋势，但资本再分配份额有增有减。 |
| Abstract | The initial functional income distribution dominated by market reflects the principle of efficiency, and the functional income redistribution dominated by government reflects the principle of fairness. It is very important to scientific and accurate estimate China's functional income distribution for studying many macroeconomic issues. This paper presents particular method to estimate functional income distribution, and uses the latest estimates of “Flow of Funds Accounts” from 1978 to 2008 and the relevant data for empirical research. The results show that: Since 1983, China’s initial and final labor share shows long-term downward trend; From 1983 to tax sharing system reform in 1994, China’s initial and final capital share shows long-term upward trend, and remains stable after 1994; Government efforts to regulate factors’ share are strong in the 1980s, but rapidly decay before 2000, and government efforts have been strengthened in the 21st century which still not enough to change the labor share’s decline trend; Since 1997 to 2007, the provinces’ initial and final labor shares general show long-term downward trend, the initial capital shares generally rising, but the final capital shares’ changing trend among provinces not unify.
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| 文章编号 | WP216 |
| 登载时间 | 2012-02-10 |
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