总量控制、区际排污指标分配与经济绩效
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| Title | Total Quantity Control, Interregional Allocation of Emission Permits and Economic Performance
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| 作者 | 乔晓楠 段小刚 |
| Author | Qiao Xiaonan and Duan Xiaogang |
| 作者单位 | 南开大学经济学院经济学系 |
| Organization | Economic Department, Nankai University |
| 作者Email | xiaonan.qiao@yahoo.com.cn；duanxg0303@163.com |
| 中文关键词 | 总量控制 区际排污指标分配 经济绩效 |
| Key Words | Total Quantity Control; Interregional Allocation of Emission Permits; Economic Performance |
| 内容提要 | 总量控制是我国进行污染物减排的基本制度。在总量控制的前提下，如何给不同区域进行排污指标分配对于地方和国家的经济绩效都将产生重要影响。本文通过构建模型并进行递归模拟，比较分析了社会福利原则、产值原则、溯往原则和公平原则四种排污指标分配原则对经济绩效产生的影响。研究结果表明：向技术优势企业所在的区域进行倾斜，分配较多的排污指标，将有利于提高企业的利润总和，但是却会拉大区域之间的差距；而向技术劣势企业所在的区域进行倾斜，虽然可以提升消费者的福利水平和总税收，并缩小区域差距，但是企业利润总额却要下降。因此，中央政府需要考虑各方利益，在总体效率与区际公平之间进行权衡。此外，中央政府利用中央财政对落后区域进行减排专项转移支付，则可以在一定程度上解决公平性的问题，并且能够进一步提升社会总福利水平。 |
| Abstract | Total quantity control is the basic system of reducing the emissions of pollutants in our country. The allocation of emission permits among different regions under the total quantity control can influence economic performance both in the whole country and different regions. By establishing an economic model and recursive simulation, this paper compares the social welfare principle, value principle, grandfathering principle and the principle of fairness, and further analyses how four kinds of allocation principles influence economic performance. By establishing an economic model and recursive simulation, this paper analyses how allocation of emission permits can influence economic performance. The results show that allocating more emission permits to the region whose enterprise has technical advantages will help to improve the enterprises’ total profit, but will wide regional gap, otherwise, it will promote consumer welfare level, increase total tax revenue and narrow the gap between the regions, but the enterprises’ total profit will decline. Therefore, the central government needs to consider the interests of all parties, and balance the overall efficiency and interregional fairness. Further study shows that the central government can solve the fairness problem by providing central financial transfer payment to the region lagging behind in technology and it will improve the social welfare further. |
| 文章编号 | WP307 |
| 登载时间 | 2012-07-27 |
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