土地：农民增收的保障还是阻碍？
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| Title | The Role of Land in Growth of Farmers’ Income: Protection or Obstacle?
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| 作者 | 骆永民 樊丽明 |
| Author | Luo Yongmin and Fan Liming |
| 作者单位 | 上海财经大学公共经济与管理学院 |
| Organization | Shanghai University of Finance and Economics |
| 作者Email | luoyongmin@ahut.edu.cn |
| 中文关键词 | 土地 农民收入 保障 阻碍 |
| Key Words | Land; Famers’ Income; Protection; Obstacle |
| 内容提要 | 千百年来，土地一直被视为最重要的生产资料和农民收入的保障。而进入二十一世纪以来，随着工资性收入在农民收入中的比重不断攀升，土地在农民增收中的作用也日益模糊。本文主要从土地对农民收入的直接影响、对农产品和劳动力区域竞争的影响、对生产性资本增收效应的影响这三个方面来研究土地在农民增收中的作用。通过构建符合中国城乡二元经济特征的随机动态一般均衡模型和基于该模型的数值模拟，本文发现：土地是农民农业收入的保障但同时也是工资性收入的阻碍，据此本地土地资源丰富会导致相邻地区农民的农业收入下降、非农收入上升，土地禀赋能够提高农业生产性资本对农业收入的促进作用并降低其对工资性收入的促进作用。文中进一步使用中国1998—2012年的省级面板数据和多种计量模型对上述结论进行了验证。据此，加速新型城镇化建设、完善农地流转制度以增强土地的规模化经营，可以在更大程度上发挥土地对农民增收的保障作用。 |
| Abstract | The land has been regarded as the most important source of farmers’ income for thousands of years. But with the rising of the proportion of wage income, the role of land is increasingly blurred in growth of farmers’ income in the new century. This paper empirically analyses the effect of rural land on income growth in China from the view of three aspects: the direct effects of land on the income of farmers, inter-provincial competition of agricultural products and labor, the impact on the income effect of agricultural productive capital. By developing a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium model which considering some unique economic phenomena in china, the numerical simulations find some useful results. China's rural land protects farmers' agricultural income but also hinders the growth of off-farm income. Thus land has negative effect on adjacent provinces’ agricultural income of farmers, but positive effect on off-farm income. With the rising of the land size per capita, land will have stronger (weaker) effects on improving farmers' agricultural (off-farm) income. Furthermore, the paper uses the provincial panel data from 1998 to 2012 to verify the above conclusions. |
| 文章编号 | WP848 |
| 登载时间 | 2015-03-27 |
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