独生子女政策与消失的企业家精神——兼论独生子女政策对长期经济增长的影响
阅读全文
下载全文 |
| Title | China’s One-Child Policy and the Missing of Entrepreneurship
|
| 作者 | 陈刚 |
| Author | Chen Gang |
| 作者单位 | 西南政法大学经济学院 |
| Organization | School of Economics, Southwest University of Political Science and Law |
| 作者Email | cgcqu@126.com |
| 中文关键词 | 独生子女 个性特征 企业家精神 模糊断点回归 |
| Key Words | Only Child; Personality Traits; Entrepreneurship; Fuzzy Regression Discontinuity |
| 内容提要 | 个性特征是企业家精神的重要根源，而缘于缺少兄弟姐妹的社会互动和资源稀释，独生子女可能有更低的风险容忍，更缺乏竞争精神和更不信任他人等个性特征，进而使得他们也更为缺乏企业家精神。使用2008年中国家庭收入调查（CHIP）数据研究发现，独生子女的创业概率和创业意愿都显著低于非独生子女，使用模糊断点回归克服潜在的内生性之后，以上发现依然成立。平均而言，与非独生子女相比，独生子女的创业概率要低5.5个百分点左右，创业意愿要低2.6个百分点左右。进一步对独生子女个性特征的估计也如预期，独生子女在风险容忍、竞争精神和信任等个性特征上的表现都比非独生子女更差，而这些个性特征都显著地提高了居民的创业概率和创业意愿。这意味着，中国实行了30多年的独生子女政策可能是造成中国的企业家精神正在衰落的重要原因，而独生子女政策也可能因此对中国经济增长造成持久地不利影响。 |
| Abstract | Personality traits is one of the main roots of entrepreneurship, but the only child’s entrepreneurship is inadequate because of lacking social interaction and resource dilution from siblings which would lead to more risk averse, less competitive and less trusting. Using CHIP data in 2008 and based on the fuzzy regression discontinuity design, this paper finds that only child’s entrepreneurship is significantly lower than not only child, and it also can be proved by the fuzzy regression discontinuity design. On average, only child’s probability of being an entrepreneurship is 5.5 percent lower than not only child, and being a latent entrepreneurship is 2.6 percent lower. Further more, only child performs worse than not only child in some personality traits as estimate, such as more risk averse, less competitive and less trusting, which could increase the probability of being an entrepreneurship and a latent entrepreneurship significantly. It means that one-child policy might be an important cause of entrepreneurship’s decline, and it may have continuous negative impact on economic growth. |
| 文章编号 | WP1141 |
| 登载时间 | 2016-12-23 |
|