扭曲、赶超与可持续增长
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| Title | Distortions, Growth Catch-up, and Sustainable Growth
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| 作者 | 张晓晶 李成 李育 |
| Author | Zhang Xiaojing, Li Cheng and Li Yu |
| 作者单位 | 中国社会科学院 |
| Organization | Chinese Academy of Social Sciences; |
| 作者Email | zhang_xj@cass.org.cn；licheng@cass.org.cn；littlefish251@163.com |
| 中文关键词 | 扭曲 赶超 政府与市场 可持续增长 |
| Key Words | distortions, growth catch-up, goverment and market, sustainable growth |
| 内容提要 | 扭曲是指对资源配置最优均衡状态的偏离，一般分为内生性扭曲（即市场不完善）和政策引致型扭曲。在这个意义上，所有经济体都存在扭曲，而发展中经济体尤甚。扭曲与发展的关系呈非线性，一定条件下，存在“良性扭曲”是可能的。国际经验与中国证据均表明，扭曲在发展的早期阶段对于全要素生产率有促进作用，但随着收入水平的提高，这种促进作用逐步减弱；特别是进入中高收入阶段，其负面作用越来越大，并成为导致中等收入陷阱的重要因素。因此，减少和纠正扭曲是实现可持续增长的关键。就中国而言，要旗帜鲜明地消除扭曲，切实发挥市场在配置资源中的决定性作用。否则，在赶超的口号下，政策引致型的扭曲会频频发生，并导致市场化改革的方向发生游移和摇摆。减少和纠正扭曲很大程度上是探索政府和市场边界的过程，这对所有经济体都是重大挑战；而寻找政府与市场之间的完全组合与微妙平衡，也正是人类在制度建设上孜孜以求的目标。 |
| Abstract | distortion is departure from the allocation of economic resources from the state in which each agent maximizes his/her own welfare. Distortions can be generally divided into endogenous distortion (ie, market imperfections) and policy-imposed distortion. In this sense, all economies have distortions, especially in developing economies. The relationship between distortion and development is non-linear, thus favorable distortion would be possible under certain conditions. Both international experience and Chinese evidence suggest that distortions have a positive effect on total factor productivity in the early stages of development, but with the increase in income levels, this role is diminishing gradually. Especially in the phase of middle and high income, the negative effects of distortions are significant and become an important factor leading to the middle income trap. Therefore, reducing and correcting distortions is the key to achieving sustainable growth. Regarding China , it is necessary to eliminate the distortions in a clear way and let the market play the decisive role in resource allocation. Otherwise, in the “growth catch-up” slogan, the policy-imposed distortion will occur frequently, and the direction of market-oriented reform will become blur and swing. Mitigating distortions is largely a process of exploring the borderline of government and market, which is a major challenge for all economies. And finding a perfect mix of and a delicate balance between government and market is precisely the institutional goal for the human kind. |
| 文章编号 | WP1331 |
| 登载时间 | 2019-02-12 |
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