子女异地就业、养老模式与老年人幸福感——基于人口迁移视角的讨论
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| Title | Working Away from Home, Elder-care Patterns and Left-behind Parents' Happiness
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| 作者 | 周亚虹 孙继圣 |
| Author | Zhou Yahong and Sun Jisheng |
| 作者单位 | 上海财经大学 |
| Organization | School of Economics, Shanghai University of Finance and Economics |
| 作者Email | yahong.zhou@mail.shufe.edu.cn；sun_jisheng@126.com |
| 中文关键词 | 养老模式 幸福感 人口迁移 |
| Key Words | Elder-care Patterns; Happiness; Migration |
| 内容提要 | 中国的人口老龄化日益加剧，并且是一种“未富先老”的状态，研究养老模式对老年人幸福感的影响具有很强的现实意义。与现有文献不同，本文注意到中国存在人口大量迁移的特殊国情，子女的迁移对其父母养老模式的选择以及幸福感都会产生影响；同时考虑到养老模式的选择与老年人幸福感可能受到相同的不可观测变量的影响，因此可能是内生的。本文实证部分使用了中国健康与养老追踪调查（CHARLS）2013年的数据，利用内生处理效应模型，分别刻画了养老模式选择的方程和影响老年人幸福感的方程，以及两个方程不可观测的解释变量之间的相关关系，实证研究分析发现：（1）子女的迁移对老年人的幸福感有正向的影响；（2）和独居相比较，与子女合住平均可以使老人感到幸福的概率提升约39.36个百分点。这些实证分析结果可以为社会各界在如何提升老年人幸福感，以及建构更加科学合理的养老体系提供实证依据。 |
| Abstract | China has a serious population aging problem, and what's worse, China is getting old before it gets rich. Under such a background, it is of great practical significance to assess the impacts of elder-care patterns on the happiness of Chinese elderly. In contrast with the existing literature, this paper notes that China has a special situation which is the large population migration, and the migration of adult children has impacts on the choice of elder-care patterns and the happiness of left-behind parents. Considering that the choice of elder-care patterns and left-behind parents' happiness may be affected by the same unobserved variables, it may be endogenous. Using the 2013 data of the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS), and using the endogenous treatment effect model, respectively depict the selection equation of elder-care patterns, the result equation of left-behind parents' happiness, and the correlativity of unobserved variables from the two equations. Empirical research analysis found that: (1) adult children's migration has a positive impact on left-behind parents' happiness; (2) compared with living alone, living with adult children can increase the probability of left-behind parents' happiness by about 39.36 percentage points. These empirical results can provide an empirical basis for how to improve the well-being of the elderly and to construct a more scientific and reasonable pension system. |
| 文章编号 | WP1428 |
| 登载时间 | 2019-10-24 |
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